The Illusion of Clarity: How to Test Whether you Really Understand Something

When people ask me why I started the Ness Labs newsletter, I always admit that it was initially for selfish reasons. As a neuroscience student at the time, I had discovered something called the generation effect: a psychological phenomenon showing that when you create your own version of something, you both understand it and remember … Read More

The Gut Decision Matrix: When to Trust Instinct and Intuition

We often talk about “trusting our gut.” But the gut feelings people refer to can actually stem from two very different sources: instinct and intuition. Because they feel so similar (fast, automatic, sometimes emotional) we tend to treat them the same, which can lead to poor decision-making in many situations. Instinct is evolutionary and biological, … Read More

How to Love Learning Again

I still remember an assignment where our history teacher asked us to create an ‘artifact’ about a historical figure of our choice. I chose Jesus and spent hours at the school library, asking the librarian for every book that mentioned him, and made a mini book with hand-drawn illustrations. I was completely absorbed in the … Read More

The Multiplier Effect of Collective Curiosity

At his school in ancient Athens, Aristotle encouraged everyone to walk through the gardens while discussing ideas, rather than sitting quietly for lectures. Teachers and students would explore questions, challenge each other’s thinking, and build on each other’s insights. This tradition of walking and wondering together became so successful that it continued for centuries, influencing … Read More